Answer on edge is:
It forced the Soviet Union to negotiate to stop the blockade.
It showed that the United States would take action to stop the spread of communism.
Thomas Paine – wrote the pamphlet "Common Sense," which argued for independence from Great Britain
Traditionally speaking, Japanese society has always had a very formal and rigid social structure in which every individual understands who's considered their superior as well as their junior, and this is reflected in their language even today.
I think the best thing you could do is just look things up separately. I finished Civics already, and quite frankly don't remember it all, but I'll try to help.
The lack of a national court under the Articles of Confederation caused problems with each state ignoring? the rulings of the other.
(Im not sure on the next two)
Federal Judges are appointed by the president with Congress' consent.
(Not sure on the rest, sorry I couldn't be of more help, currently in U.S. History and we're focused on Gettysburg and Bunker Hill, sorry.)