Completed Ques.
A. Many human genes can encode multiple proteins.
B. Complexity arises from differential gene expression.
C. Humans gain more genes through horizontal gene transfer.
D. Complexity arises from different combinations of proteins.
Answer:
A,B,D
Explanation:
A. Many human genes can encode multiple proteins.
The characteristic of DNA and RNA tipple codes to code for a particular protein, and for each of these bases to re-arranged to form a different triplet code , to translate for another protein, makes multiple proteins to be coded for by many genes. (generally the 4 bases(A,TC,G, U) can combine in 64 times to form triplet codes with each coding for a specific protein)This makes varieties of proteins to be synthesized, for different cellular reactions e,g need for hormones, enzymes,and for different biochemical reactions for efficient functioning of the body. A characteristic lacking in simple animals.
B. Complexity arises from differential gene expression.
The complexity of gene expression is due to the fact that the processes of transcription and translation at the onset of gene expression are separated and occurs, after the completion of one another. Each of this stage requires separate enzymes, conditions, processes before they can take place, and different cell organelles to coordinate.Besides the ability of each cells to regulate different levels of gene expression -Epigenetic regulation is additional complexity of the gene expression.
D. Complexity arises from different combinations of proteins.
The ability to produces different combinations of proteins with different physiological and anatomical functions, explains the complexity and diversification in eukaryotes compare to simple animals.
