Answer:
Answer is C.
Explanation:
For A and B, a base substitution affects one of the three bases that comprise a codon, the DNA/RNA unit that corresponds to a particular amino acid. If one base is substituted, one codon and therefore one amino acid will be affected. Codons have built-in redundancy, so even by changing one base, the new codon sometimes still corresponds to the same amino acid. Therefore, a base substitution at most affects one amino acid, and sometimes doesn't affect it all.
Frameshift mutations cause a lot more trouble. These occur when you have a deletion or insertion that changes the number of bases in your gene. As a result, the "frame" of the codons changes (everything shifts one way or the other by the number of bases added/removed). This affects EVERY codon downstream of the mutation, so you can imagine that such a mutation would have a bigger effect the closer to the start of the gene it occurs. This is why C is correct.
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
Archaea bacteria can live an extreme places.
Answer:
<h2>
Gastrin: stomach,
</h2><h2>
CCK- SI,
</h2><h2>
Insulin- pancreas,
</h2><h2>
Glucagon-pancreas. etc</h2>
Explanation:
1. Gastrin: secreted by stomach stimulating activity of the stomach
,
2. CCK: secreted by SI stimulating secretion of pancreatic enzymes; contraction of gallbladder and pyloric sphincter and inhibitory effects on stomach
3. Secretin: secreted by SI if material entering SI is acidic, triggering secretion of HCO₃-
.
4. Insulin: produced by beta-cells of pancreas and
stimulates storage of glucose in liver and muscle and it causes re-uptake of glucose when blood-sugar is high, lowering blood sugar
5. Glucagon- produced by alpha-cells of pancreas and
it stimulates release of glucose from liver when blood-sugar is low, and results in raising blood sugar.
