Biological soil crusts<span> are communities of living organisms on the </span>soil<span> surface in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. They are found throughout the world with varying species composition and cover depending on topography, </span>soil<span> characteristics, climate, plant community, microhabitats, and disturbance regimes.</span>
Answer:
All of the above.
Explanation:
Reflex arc may be defined as the neural pathway that control the function of the reflex system of the body. Two main types of reflex arc are somatic reflex arc and autonomic reflex arc.
The afferent neuron carries signal from the receptors to the integrating center via the interneuron. The efferent neuron carries signal from the integrating center to the effector organ via the inter neuron.
Thus, the correct answer is option (e).
1.
a. deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen-containing base
b. deoxyribose sugar
c. cytosine
d. adenine, thymine, guanine. and cytosine
I am not entirely sure what you mean by "responding variable" but I'm going to guess it was the vinegar since it has been used as a perservative for years.
Hope that helps in some way.
Hydrogen bonds are classified as weak because they are formed fast, but they also break easily under normal biological conditions.
Weak bonds can be easily broken, but this is extremely important because they are in bold in biological systems. For example, they help to decide and stabilize the shapes of water molecules.
