Absolute Brightness
Absolute brightness represents
the total amount of energy emitted from a celestial object. It is the measure
of the true brightness of a star or other celestial object as it would be as
seen from a standard distance<span> of
exactly 10 parsecs (32.6 light-yea</span>rs). The more luminous an object, the smaller the
numerical value of its absolute magnitude or brightness.
The major contribution made by Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty was 'transformation of nonvirulent cells with a DNA extract was blocked only if DNase was added'. This observation supported the idea that the transforming agent in Griffith's experiment was DNA.
The Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment showed that DNA was the transforming agent observed in Griffith's experiment.
Griffith's experiment (1928) suggested that bacteria were capable of transferring genetic information (DNA) by a process of horizontal gene transfer called transformation.
While the bacteria were killed by heat, Frederick Griffith observed that the DNA had was taken up by II-R strain bacteria via transformation.
Avery–MacLeod–McCarty experiment observed that protease enzymes did not destroy the transforming agent (but DNAse destroyed this transforming principle), thereby suggesting that the transforming agent in Griffith's experiment was bacterial DNA.
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Answer:
When heated too much, enzymes (since they are proteins dependent on their shape) become denatured. When the temperature drops, the enzyme regains its shape. ... Changes in pH will also denature the enzyme by changing the shape of the enzyme. Enzymes are also adapted to operate at a specific pH or pH range.
