Answer:
The interphase stage.
Explanation:
During the interphase stage of mitosis, the cell does not divide and spends a big portion of the time at this stage. During that time, the cell synthesizes its DNA and doubles the cytoplasm.
<span>microorganisms of different grous are not uniformly susceptible to chemical disinfection due to the level of resistance of the BACTERIA</span>
Answer:
D
Explanation:
<em>The correct option here would be</em><em> D</em><em>.</em>
The endomembrane system refers to a group of membrane-based organelles whose primary function is to synergistically work together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins. The system includes organelles such as the lysosome, the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus.
For an endomembrane system function involving a protein, the protein would first of all need to be synthesized by the ribosome - the free ones or the ones attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Thereafter, the synthesized protein would then be folded or packaged into transportable vesicles. The vesicles are then received by the Golgi apparatus which further modifies the proteins before transporting them accordingly.
Hence, the correct order of a typical endomembrane system function would be:
- <em>Ribosomes on the RER synthesize proteins.</em>
- <em>Proteins are packaged into transport vesicles.</em>
- <em>Golgi apparatus receives transport vesicles from the RER.</em>
- <em>Proteins are modified by the Golgi apparatus.</em>
- <em>Modified proteins may be secreted from the cell by exocytosis.</em>
Answer:
Adaptive defenses include both humoral and cellular immunity.
Explanation:
The innate immune response is the non-specific immune response and serves to provide an immediate and general immune response. The adaptive immune responses are the specific immune responses. Adaptive immune responses include cell-mediated immunity and antibody-mediated immunity.
Cell-mediated immunity includes T cells (cytotoxic and helper T cells) while antibody-mediated immunity includes the production of antibodies from B cells. Binding of antigen to B cells is followed by their transformation into plasma cells and produce antibodies. Some of the activated B cells form memory B cells that are responsible for quicker and strong secondary immune responses.
