Answer: The first step is coagulation, which involves adding chemicals to the water. ...
The second step is called flocculation, in which larger particles called flocc form after coagulation.
Sedimentation occurs next when the heavy flocc settles to the bottom and is cleared away.
Explanation:
Answer:
The effect on proteins depends on the type of mutation. Mutations in the mRNA could lead to alterations in the sequence of amino acids in the protein. These alterations could be silent or they can also lead to severe genetic abnormalities.
Explanation:
Point Mutation:
A point mutation in the DNA or RNA alters a single nucleotide base in the DNA sequence. Point mutations are of three types:
- Substitution: When a base is substituted for another. This has further 3 types:
A mutation that substitutes one base for another in such a way that the new sequence forms a new codon that is not a stop codon. For example, if the nucleotide sequence changes from AAG to AGG, the amino acid arginine will be produced instead of lysine.
Nonsense mutation substitutes a codon for an amino acid with a stop codon. This kind of mutation produces a truncated or incomplete protein that is nonfunctional.
A mutation that alters the genetic code in such a way that another codon for the same amino acid is produced, rendering no difference to the protein.
2. Insertion: involves the insertion of a new base in the nucleotide sequence.
3. Deletion: Involves the deletion of a base from the DNA sequence.
Point mutations, particularly, insertions, deletions and missense mutations can result in truncated or nonfunctional proteins that are unable to perform cellular functions. Cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia are prime examples of disorders caused by point mutations.
Answer:
(B) resemble structures formed by bacterial communities that are found today in some shallow marine bays.
Explanation:
Extant stromatolites represent real "living fossils" for they are decendents of ancient forms that are associated with one of the first living forms on earth. Particularly, stromatolites are real bacteria communities where the autotrophic organism of the community are represented by cyanobacteria, which live along with heterotrophic bacteria. This clearly indicates that fossilized stromatolites points to bacteria (prokaryotes) as the first living things on earth (dated with not less than 3.5 billion year old)
Nowadays, stromatolites with cyanobacteria allows to reconstruct and understand fossilized forms. These current structures live in shallow marines ambients (e.g. Australia) but also in continental salt flats (e.g. Argentina) where few others bacteria can survive to these extreme conditions (high light exposure and salt concentration).
I do not get it can you explain any better
Water from rain and snow that travels to streams
