Answer:
Yield to call is 9.8%
Explanation:
The rate of return bonholders receives on a callable bond until the call date is called Yield to call.
Yield to Call = [ C + ( F - P ) / n ] / [ (F + P ) / 2 ]
C = Coupon Payment = $105 per year
F = Face value = $1,000
P = Call price = $1,100
n -= number of years to call = 5
Yield to Call = [ $105 + ( $1,000 - $1,100 ) / 5 ] / [ ( $1,000 + $1,100 ) / 2 ]
Yield to Call = [ $105 - 2 ] / $1,050 = $103 / $1,050 = 0.098 = 9.8%
Fund only individual citizens; fund only projects for states and localities
The present value of a deferred perpetuity is $1,938.89.
What is present value?
The present value of a prospective sum of money or cash flow stream given a specified return rate is known as its present value (PV). The present value of future cash flows is reduced by the discount rate, and the higher coupon rate, the lower the present value of future cash flows. The key to correctly valuing future cash flows, whether they are earnings or debt obligations, is determining the appropriate discount rate. The concept of present value states that a quantity of funds today is worth greater than the same amount in the long term. In other words, money gained in the long term is not as valuable as money received today.
The present value of a deferred perpetuity that pays $141 annually with the first payment occurring at year 5 is $1,938.89. This can be calculated by taking the present value of an ordinary annuity formula, which is PV = A / (1 + r)^n, and adding 5 to n. This gives the equation PV = A / (1 + r)^(n + 5), which can be simplified to PV = A / (1 + r)^n * (1 + r)^5. Thus, the present value is $141 / (1 + 0.06)^10 * (1 + 0.06)^5, which equals $1,938.89.
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Answer:
Company A
The number of items that should be produced in each run to minimize total costs of production and storage is:
= 22,000 units
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Total annual demand = 550,000 units
Cost per production run = $330
Cost per unit = $5
Storage (holding) cost per item = $0.75
The number of items that should be produced in each run to minimize total costs of production and storage is given by Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) formula
= square root of (2 * 550,000 * $330)/$0.75
= square root of $363,000,000/$0.75
= square root of 484,000,000
= 22,000 units
