The correct answer is A) "All research involving children".
The HHS (Office for Human Research Protections) is a regulatory entity of the US government. The provisions presented in subpart D of the mentioned regulations divide all research involving children in 3 categories:
Research not involving greater than the minimal risk to the children.
Research involving greater than minimal risk but presenting the prospect of direct benefit to the child involved in the research.
Research involving greater than minimal risk and presenting no prospect of direct benefit to the child involved in the research.
The oldest old comprises of individuals who are at the age of 85 or more. It is also known as the f<u>ourth age of human life</u>. This group of population has a unique set of demographic features such as high levels of comorbidity, high use of medical care and services, and presence of more female than male.
Paul Baltes and Jacqui Smith determines that the developmental period of oldest old is marked by sizable losses in cognitive potential, chronic stress, and frailty.