Question

Amy knows that when she runs over and stands quietly by her grandfather's chair, he will reach over and tickle her under her chin. _____ enables amy to behave in this specific way to obtain a specific result.

Answer 1

I believe the answer is: Operant conditioning
In operant conditioning, the behavior of the subject would be controlled/influenced by either reward or punishment.
On the scenario above, amy's behaving the way she does because she's expecting the reward from her grandfather (by tickling her)