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The general rule for difference of two squares is that when factorised it can be written in the form (a+b)(a-b) where a is the square root of the first part of the function and b is the square root of the second part of the function.
From this we can find the square root of x² to find a and the square root of 16y² to find b.
In this case √x²=x and √16y²=4y
Therefore fully factorised it can be written as (x+4y)(x-4y)
Next time, please list the possible answer choices. Without them, all I can do is to attempt this problem without having those choices as guidelines.
I must assume that your expression x^4-5x+3/x^2+7 actually meant:
5x + 3
x^4 - ---------------
x^2 + 7
and I assume that this result was one of the several possible answer choices.
Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

When converting mixed numbers (such as the one above), to improper fractions, we must first multiply the whole number by the denominator:

Then, add the numerator the the product:

Now, put the sum over the denominator to get your solution:

-
To check your work, you can convert the improper fraction to a mixed number to make sure you will end up with
.
Divide
into
:
with a remainder of 
Put the remainder over the denominator:

Therefore, our solution is correct!
1/9 = 0.1111111111...
That's a repeating decimal because the 1 repeats over and over again.
1/3 = 0.33333333...
That's a repeating decimal because the 3 repeats over and over again.
Have an awesome day! :)