This was known as the war guilt clause, part of article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles
Picking a primary motivation, I'd say liberalism was the leading factor in the 1848 revolutions. There was a growing tide of liberalism, which emphasized the liberty of individuals and thus desired to reform governments in the direction of more republican and constitutional forms. This was in opposition to the dominant conservatism of the 19th century, which valued maintaining (conserving) the old institutions of monarchy and aristocracy.
A second factor involved in a number of the revolutions was nationalism, a desire for people of like culture and language and background to be joined together in one society.
As a case in point, the 1848 revolution that occurred in the German states had both a liberal aspect to it (driven by university students and professors), as well as a nationalist aspect, wanting to unite the various German kingdoms and principalities into a cohesive German state.
The revolutions of 1848 for the most part did not achieve their goals, but they did sow the seeds for later changes that would come.
Iran, an oil nation, remains under the control of Muslim clerics, who enforce strict obedience to an Authoritarian. This is further explained below.
What is an oil nation?
Generally, an oil nation is simply defined as This a nation rich in oil as a resource.
In conclusion, Those who advocate or impose total submission to established authorities, particularly the state, at the cost of individual liberties are said to be authoritarian.
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<span>Follow the votes. You can see from the map that these counties voted for Al Gore. They also had large populations. Gore figured that these counties were the most likely to hold the additional votes he needed to win the presidency.
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