A <em>scale factor </em>essentially takes all of the lengths on an object and multiplies them by itself.
For instance, a square with side lengths of 4 scaled by a factor of 2 would have scaled side lengths of 4 x 2 = 8, and that same square scaled by a factor of 1/2 would have side lengths 4 x 1/2 = 2. Scaling something by a factor of 1 keeps it exactly the same, since any number multiplied by 1 is unchanged - this means that 1 is basically the "pivot number" for scaling.
Any scale factor <em>greater </em>than one will scale an object <em>up </em>to larger dimensions, while any scale factor <em>less </em>than one will scale an object <em>down </em>to smaller dimensions.
Answer: $43.70
Explanation: if target marked up the speaker by 15%, then you multiply the original price by 1.15 to get the answer:
$38 x 1.15 = $43.70
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