Answer:
d) genetic characteristics such as ribosomal RNA sequences
Explanation:
Carl Woese and his collaborators identified two major branches of prokaryotic evolution which are bacteria and archaea. They used 16S rRNA sequencing to study the similarities and differences between archaea and bacteria.
After sequencing the complete genome structure of Methanococcus jannaschii in 1966 which is an archaea they concluded that bacteria are more closely related than humans than bacteria.
After many years Carl Woese gave the three-domain system which divides prokaryotes into archaea and bacteria according to differences in their rRNA sequencing. Eukarya was the third domain. So the correct answer is d.
<h2>Kinase cascade </h2>
Explanation:
Normally, PK2 activates PK1
- PK1 and PK2 normally work sequentially in an intracellular signaling pathway
- If PK1 is permanently activated, a response is seen independently of whether or not PK2 is present
- If PK1 activated PK2, no response should be seen if PK1 were activated in the absence of PK2
- PK2 normally needs to activate PK1 for the cells to respond to the signal
- When PK2 is permanently activated in the absence of PK1, PK1 is not there to relay the signal
Answer:
B) energy is captured in the bonds linking amino acids that compose lipase.
Explanation:
Anabolic reactions are chemically defined as synthesis reactions in opposition to Catabolic reactions, in which a degradation of chemical compounds occurs. Thus, in anabolic transformations simpler reagents are used to produce more complex substances. In the particular case of the synthesis of a lipase, a number of amino acids are chemically bonded to form a polymerized structure, clearly chemically more complex, known as polypeptide.
An increase in chemical complexity always requires an investment of energy, considering that building a larger molecule implies bonding more reagents or precursor into the final product. Thus, the increase in the energy content of the product (in this case the lipase) when comparing to each precursor (individuals amino acids) will be reflected in the linking (covalent) bonds between amino acids. Of course, there is always a certain amount of energy that is lost as heat during any chemical transformation (not all the energy invested in the synthesis will be captured in the product).
The overall of all anabolic reaction which take place inside the cell is called anabolism, while the whole set degradation chemical reaction occurring within the cell is known as catabolism. Being said that, it is clear that anabolism and catabolism, when being considered jointly, conform the metabolism as a whole and coordinated cellular process.
<h2>Chemical energy</h2>
Explanation:
Chemical energy describes the energy conversions that occur during the light-independent reactions
- Photosynthesis is completed in two reactions namely light reaction and dark reaction
- Light reaction is the light dependent reaction which means that there is direct role of light
- It oxidizes water,release oxygen and generates high energy compound such as ATP and NADPH(all the reactions are completed in thylakoid membrane)
- Dark reaction is the light independent reaction which means there is no direct role of light
- It utilizes carbon dioxide to form carbohydrates and consume ATP and NADPH for synthesis of carbohydrate(Calvin cycle)
- All reactions are completed in stroma
- Fixation of one carbon dioxide molecule requires 3 ATP,2 NADPH,2 water molecules and 8 photons
To know
-the guilty in a criminal case
-paternity
