Cholera toxin locks the G-subunit into an active state, in that GTP is bound and cannot be hydrolyzed back to GDP to turn off the subunit. This leads to a subsequent activation and increase in adenylate cyclase inside the cell. This increases the level of cAMP which leads to cytolysis of the cell.
The cholera toxin is released from a bacteria known as <em>vibrio cholera</em><em>. </em>This bacteria is gram-negative and releases this toxin into the body which leads to manifestations like vomiting, increased heartbeat, watery diarrhea, cramps in the muscles and a low blood pressure. When this toxin is released into the body. The toxin activates adenylate cyclase and increases its level. This in turn increases the level of cAMP. This initiates a signaling cascade which effects the osmotic pressure of the cell. This leads to subsequent cytolysis of the cell.
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Answer:
The parents must be Tt, Tt
Explanation:
Based on these results, we can conclude that each of the parents will have one dominant (T) and one recessive allele (t). We can prove this by drawing the Punnett square:
T t
T TT Tt
t Tt tt
We can see that the offspring will have the Tt genotype in two cases, the TT genotype in one case, and the tt genotype in one case, as well. Now we need to do some basic math. Two out of four is 50% (Tt - 50%), and one out of four is 25% (TT - 25%, tt - 25%).
This means that the parents must be Tt, Tt.
Answer:
They are: mutation, non-random mating, gene flow, finite population size (genetic drift), and natural selection.
Explanation:
i hope this helped :)
Answer:
A. Smell
Explanation:
Mechanoreceptors are known to primary sensory structures. Their function is to provide information about the mechanical characteristics of the internal and external environments. These mechanoreceptors usually detect stimuli such as pressure, vibration, sound and touch from the internal and external environments.
Smell does not rely on mechanoreceptors but rather rely on olfactory receptors.
