Answer:
increase the effective interest rate of borrowing
Explanation:
Cost of debt refers to the total cost a company incurs for raising debt which includes fixed coupon rate payments to bondholders.
Cost of debt is calculated using the following formula:
wherein 
= Cost of debt
I = annual rate of coupon payment
t= tax rate
NP = Net proceeds which is par value less issue expenses
when NP is taken as the base, while calculating cost of debt, it is termed as effective interest rate.
So, bond issue costs reduce the net proceeds and thus, increase the effective interest rate of borrowing for the issuer company.
Answer:
Ethnocentrism
Explanation:
I wish everyone in this little country just spoke English like the rest of the civilized world
this behavior is example of Ethnocentrism because
when we judge other culture on the basis of preconceptions that is found in the value and standard of own culture
and these are regarding of religion , behavior and language and customs etc
so here we can say Susan’s behavior is an example of Ethnocentrism
so correct option is C. Ethnocentrism
Answer:
$313,288.16
Explanation:
Present value is the sum of discounted cash flows
present value can be calculated using a financial calculator
Cash flow in year 1 and 2 = 0
Cash flow in year 3 to 7 = $10,000
I = 10%
Present value = $313,288.16
To find the PV using a financial calculator:
1. Input the cash flow values by pressing the CF button. After inputting the value, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
2. after inputting all the cash flows, press the NPV button, input the value for I, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
3. Press compute
Answer:
b. The global financial crisis of 2008 threatened the EU by exposing differences in the economic strength of its member states.
d. The EU introduced the euro, a common currency that facilitates travel, trade, and investment.
Explanation:
Trade of factors and finished goods increased exponentially over the couse of the years after implementing the Euro
This makes possible a lot of new project and investment as it was a strong currency with virtually no risk of devaluation thus, very reliable. In the past, European currency will tend into depreciation and inflation. This doesn't occur with the Euro
Also whe nthe 2008 sub-prime crisis hit we manage to discover the great difference between the central power and the other nations such as ireland, spain, greece and portugal This were called (PIGS)
However is important to notice how Ireland has manage to leave those problem behind with a serious of reform after the crisis.
