I can only answer the first one, so
D) all of the above
I assume you mean what challenges after they gained independence. They had many internal conflicts. This included fighting about religion. There were also natural disasters. There was the problem of transitioning directly from a dictatorship to a democracy.
Answer:
Correct answer is TRUE.
Explanation:
Well, it is hard to observe this statement as this two institutions didn't exist before WW1.
United Nations were established after WW2 with a goal to prevent conflict, which was a goal of League of Nations before them.
On the other side the Hague tribunal was created with this institutions with a goal to put in front of the court war criminals.
Answer:
Trade creates markets for American goods and services.
