Answer:
Changes that occur in species, over a long period of time and that include the the replacement of unfavorable characteristics by helpful variations lead to evolution (second option).
Explanation:
Evolution, in terms of biology, consists of the genetic, anatomical and functional changes that occur in individuals of different species, acquiring useful characteristics that replace unfavorable characteristics, due to processes such as natural selection, proposed by <u>Charles Darwin</u>.
<u>Biological evolution</u> raises the existence of a common ancestor, from which all current known species are known, and an evolutionary line for each of those species. Evolution is considered the basis of <u>biodiversity</u>, due to the genetic changes it has produced over many years.
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Virus: Vaccine, Antibiotics are not useful, Is not an organism
Both: Curable, Harmful to humans, Deadly
Bacteria: No vaccine, Antibiotics are useful, Is an organism
Explanation:
Mutations increase variation within a population.
During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise. These mutations are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes. There are two types:
- somatic: these only occur within certain cells, and arise from environmental factors such as UV light
- hereditary: occur within germ cells of the parent and later the fertilized egg which forms a zygote; these are present within all cells of the new organism.
Further Explanation:
During reproduction other events, such as crossing over during mitosis and meiosis, mutations lead to increases in genetic variation. This variation refers to the genetic characteristics present within a species. Mutations may be either beneficial or deleterious; they are maintained within cells, as they form new traits called alleles. Beneficial mutations may confer traits that increase the fitness of a species, along with ensuring survival by conferring a protective advantage- these phenotypic differences between organisms are called adaptations.
Sequences of DNA make up genes which can have different forms called alleles. DNA, which makes up the genotype, is transcribed into mRNA and later translated into amino acids which are linked together by rRNA to form proteins which make up the phenotype of an organism.Mutations in DNA sequences affect the corresponding mRNA and thus the protein encoded.
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Learn more about DNA and RNA at brainly.com/question/2416343?source=aid8411316
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<span>The P-site of the ribosomes is the site of polypeptide elongation during translation of mRNA. Therefore, a drug that binds to this site ensures that there is no elongation hence, basically, the translation process is inhibited. The <span>growing bacteria cell will stop growing and die due to lack of structural and functional proteins to grow and perform its cellular processes respectively..</span></span>
