According to our current knowledge, planets are formed around a new star by condensing in a disc of molecular gas and dust, embedded within a larger molecular cloud. Condensation increases until they become giant planets, which are heated, then cleanse their orbits in the disc and possibly bend it.
The correct answer is (d.) a place where Muslim philosophers met to contemplate life. The House of Wisdom was actually a major intellectual center for well-known scholars during the Golden Age that made many remarkable contributions to the diverse fields.
The executive branch is composed of the president, Vice President, and cabinet members
They did not want the states to have all the power