Answer: It is approximately the membrane potential at which the electrochemical gradient for Na+ is zero.
Explanation:
The charge in plasma membrane occurs with diffusion and electric fields.
For example, if there are two solutions, let's assume solution X and Solution Y are separated by a porous barrier (to diffuse in equal proportions).
The fundamental principle of diffusion states that solution from a high concentration diffuses to a lower concentration.
For instance, if the X solution contains 40 sodium ions and 40 chloride ions, the Y solution only has 30 sodium and 30 chloride ions. Due to the diffusion, these two solutions will mix and reach a steady-state.
The like charges repel, and opposite charges attract.
There are approximately 12 transisthmian shrimps species, called sister species because they cannot interbreed effectively, in the Isthmus of Panama. It is believed that the closure of the Panama resulted to allopatric speciation of the shrimp population within the region.
Since it’s natural environment is very acidic, putting pepsin in a very alkaline environment would cause it to denature.
A compound is organic if it contains carbon covalently bonded to other atoms. Most often, the other atoms include hydrogen, oxygen, and/or nitrogen. A few carbon compounds, such as simple oxides (e.g. CO2) and cyanides (e.g. KCN) are excluded arbitrarily.
