Answer:
Chemical bonds include covalent, polar covalent, and ionic bonds. Atoms with relatively similar electronegativities share electrons between them and are connected by covalent bonds. Atoms with large differences in electronegativity transfer electrons to form ions. The ions then are attracted to each other.
Two of the strongest forms of chemical bond are the ionic and the covalent bonds. Chemical bonds form between two atoms, each with its own electron environment.
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Hydrophilic I believe I’m not sure
In gymnosperms the seeds are not produced inside the fruit but in angiosperms the seeds are enclosed inside the fruit so they are classified separately.
In general ,Gymnosperms are considered as flowerless plants and are not enclosed inside seeds whereas angiosperms are plants that have flowers. Adding to this, the difference or the basis of classification is on the presence of an ovary.
Hence, gymnosperms and angiosperms both bears seeds, and they are also classified differently . The reason behind this is in case of gymnosperms the seeds are not produced inside the fruit but in case of angiosperms the seeds are enclosed inside the fruit.
To learn more about Gymnosperms , here
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I’m not too sure but I would say THE SAME CHEMICAL PROPERTIES.
The correct answer is option D. She should place one flower in a similar container, but not pump carbon dioxide into it. She should also give each plant the same amount of water.
In the experiment, a control should be present to compare the effect of the variable in the experiment. In the control sample, all the parameters except the variable should be same as the experimental group. In this way, the comparison of the effect of variable can be easily done in an experiment.
In this case, the variable is amount of carbon dioxide the plant receives. So, Stella should include a control group by placing the plant in the same container and leave it on atmospheric carbon dioxide supply, no extra carbon dioxide should be pumped into it. Also, the amount of water she give to each plant should be the same to maintain the water level as constant.