Answer:
hyponatremia
Explanation:
There are clinical situations in which when performing blood tests, natremia values are detected that are less than normal, which are not really correct since, when making more precise determinations, the amount of sodium is normal, they are the false hyponatremia or pseudohyponatias. Drinking plenty of water is a piece of advice that we listen to doctors and friends every day, but like everything else, the limit and sanity need to be imposed, because while it is true that drinking too little is bad, drinking it too much. When consulting various health sites we find that it is valid to divide the body weight taken in kilos by 30. Thus, if a person weighs 70 kilograms, they should drink at least 2.3 liters of water a day. At its maximum risk level, overhydration can cause brain inflammation due to too much fluid access to the brain, and among the symptoms that stand out are lethargy, (tendency to sleep, decreased ability to react), agitation, seizures, all symptoms that can be confused with those of dehydration and lead us erroneously to drink more.
Hyponatremia is diagnosed with a blood test, but we need to do more studies to identify its cause. The diagnostic process begins with a detailed history and examination to look for symptoms and signs of diseases related to hyponatremia (edema in heart failure, blood pressure figures, mucosal turgor, etc.). A blood test will be performed and urine to be included: determination of Na (to confirm hyponatremia), blood biochemistry (urea, creatinine, glucose, ions, total proteins and triglycerides), blood count with formula and leukocyte count, urine biochemistry (with Na in urine), plasma and urinary osmolarity, acid-base balance. The algorithm summarizes this diagnostic process and how with four analytical parameters the etiology of hyponatremia can be determined: Plasma and urinary osmolarity and concentrations of Na and K in urine. Through urinary osmolarity and the concentration of Na in urine we can assess the response to treatment.
