Answer: In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.
Answer:
Blank 1: lymph
Blank 2: interstitial
Explanation:
Lymphatic system has fluid called lymph and before it becomes lymph it comes from gaps between capillaries called interstitial spaces and its fluid called interstitial fluid.
A(n) <u>gene</u> is a sequence of organic nitrogen base pairs that codes for a polypeptide or a protein.
What is polypeptide?
Peptides are made up of short chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. The word "peptide" comes from the Ancient Greek word "peptós," which means "digested." Oligopeptides, which comprise dipeptides, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides, are chains of fewer than twenty amino acids.
A polypeptide is a peptide chain that is longer, continuous, and unbranched.
Therefore, along with nucleic acids, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and others, peptides belong to the large chemical families of biological polymers and oligomers.
A protein is a polypeptide that has more than 50 amino acids, on average. A protein is made up of one or more polypeptides that are structured in a biologically useful manner. Proteins are frequently coupled to other proteins, other macromolecules like DNA or RNA, or complex macromolecular assemblies.
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Answer:
a. Cap and tail
b. Codon
c. Promoter region
d. Anticodon
e. Introns
f. Genetic code
g. Exon
Explanation:
a. RNA processing which occurs post transcription, is composed of three steps: capping of 5' end, polyadenylation of 3' tail and RNA splicing. Hence, according to this question, Cap and tail are examples of RNA processing.
b. A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that code for an amino acid. For example, AUG is a codon that encodes Methionine amino acid.
c. The PROMOTER region is the location on DNA where RNA polymerase enzyme attaches to for transcription to be initiated.
d. ANTICODON is a sequence of three nucleotides located in tRNA that is complementary to a codon triplet. The tRNA anticodon reads the mRNA codon during translation.
e. The INTRON is that portion of a gene that is excised or removed from the RNA transcript. Introns are non-coding regions of a gene and hence needs to be removed during a process called SPLICING.
f. GENETIC CODE is a set of rules that convert a nucleotide sequence into a protein. The genetic code is made up of codons that specify amino acids.
g. EXONS, in contrary to introns, are the parts of a gene that is expressed. Exons are the coding regions of a gene that are expressed into amino acids.
