Answer:
1. The difference between the normal hemoglobin protein DNA sequence and the sickle cell hemoglobin DNA sequence is a base to base shift, in this case adenine (GAG) to thymine (GTG).
2. The difference affects the amino acid sequence of the protein by replacing glutamic acid (Glu) with valine (Val).
Explanation:
In sickle cell anemia, a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence is observed, where adenine is substituted by thymine, whose expression is the change in the amino acid sequence of globine β, incorporating valine instead of glutamic acid. This represents a molecular mutation - point mutation - by subtitution, which corresponds to missense mutation.
<u>Normal hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>
DNA CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT
Amino acids Leu Thr Pro Glu Glu Lys Ser
<u>Sickle cell hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>
DNA CTG ACT CCT <em>GTG</em> GAG AAG TCT
Amino acids Leu Thr Pro <em>Val</em> Glu Lys Ser
When GAG is transcribed to mRNA, the CUC codon is obtained, which codes for glutamic acid. Thymine substitution causes the DNA sequence to change to GTG, which is transcribed as CAC, the codon that encodes the amino acid valine. The <u>change from glutamic acid to valine in β-globin causes an altered hemoglobin, giving the abnormal erythrocytes observed in sickle cell disease</u>.
The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer.
The cell membrane is primarily composed of a mix of proteins and phospholipids
Phospholipids are a major component of cell membranes. They a head and a tail. The head is hydrophilic (attracted to water) and the tail is hydrophobic (repelled by water).
They form a bilayer in which their hydrophilic heads face the aqueous cytosol and extracellular fluid while their hydrophobic tails face away from the cytosol and extracellular fluid.
The lipid bilayer is semi - permeable
After a few months of eating less meat and more fruits and vegetable, the liver will respond by producing more cholesterol.
<h3>What is body homeostasis?</h3>
The term body homeostasis makes reference to the internal equilibrium (homeostasis) of the body.
Body homeostasis may involve the production of certain substances when they are not consumed from the diet.
In this case, it is possible to increase cholesterol levels by having certain healthy habits (food habits).
Learn more about body homeostasis here:
brainly.com/question/13349261
It proves that living organisms MUST come from other living organisms, an egg couldn't magically appear in a pile of chicken seed, a hen would have had to lay the egg first, just as a nucleoulus makes ribosomes so the cell can have proteins, the proteins don't just materialize within the organism.
Answer:
Conserving water is important because it keeps water pure and clean while protecting the environment.
Explanation:
