1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
statuscvo [17]
3 years ago
8

Please help its due in a hour!!!!!

Biology
1 answer:
garri49 [273]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

1. The difference between the normal hemoglobin protein DNA sequence and the sickle cell hemoglobin DNA sequence is a base to base shift, in this case adenine (GAG) to thymine (GTG).

2. The difference affects the amino acid sequence of the protein by replacing glutamic acid (Glu) with valine (Val).

Explanation:

In sickle cell anemia, a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence is observed, where adenine is substituted by thymine, whose expression is the change in the amino acid sequence of globine β, incorporating valine instead of glutamic acid. This represents a molecular mutation - point mutation - by subtitution, which corresponds to missense mutation.

<u>Normal hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>

DNA                 CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT

Amino acids     Leu  Thr   Pro   Glu   Glu   Lys   Ser

<u>Sickle cell hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>

DNA                 CTG ACT CCT <em>GTG</em> GAG AAG TCT

Amino acids     Leu  Thr   Pro   <em>Val</em>   Glu   Lys   Ser

When GAG is transcribed to mRNA, the CUC codon is obtained, which codes for glutamic acid. Thymine substitution causes the DNA sequence to change to GTG, which is transcribed as CAC, the codon that encodes the amino acid valine. The <u>change from glutamic acid to valine in β-globin causes an altered hemoglobin, giving the abnormal erythrocytes observed in sickle cell disease</u>.

You might be interested in
Which answer best defines what the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model mathematically describes?-The competition among many preda
yanalaym [24]

Answer:

The simultaneous effect of a predator population on a prey population and a prey population on a predator population over time.

Explanation:  

The mathematical models of Lotka-Volterra equations explain the existing interaction between species in which prey and predator influence and affect each other. The model follows a few assumptions,    

  • The ecosystem is isolated and closed. There is no migration.
  • The whole individuals are reproductively equivalent.
  • In the absence of the predator, prey shows an exponential growth rate. The prey is in the ideal environment.  
  • When there is no prey, the predator population decreases exponentially because of the lack of food. The predator environment is ideal, but it is limited by prey density.  
  • The predation rate is proportional to the encounters rate, which also depends on density.  
  • The predators affect the prey populations, inducing its decrease proportionally to the number of prey and predators present.  
  • The prey population also influences the predator population proportionally to the number of encounters between the two species.  

In these equations, the variable D is the number of predators, and P the number of prey items.

The parameters are always constant:  

• r1: prey growth rate.  

• a1: predator hunting success.  

• r2: predator growth rate.  

• a2: the success of the predator in hunting and feeding.

In nature, many factors affect interactions, such as dense-dependent factors and dense-independent factors. Also, in reality, there are stochastic factors. Stochasticity refers to the variability in the system involving those factors that are affecting or influencing population growth. Stochasticity might be related to good years and bad years for population growth.

In real situations, the compliance of the whole assumption does not occur. The previously mentioned constants might vary, constantly changing the interaction between the predator and the prey. These parameters change in different degrees, resulting in varying circumstances for both species.

3 0
3 years ago
Choose the correct word to complete the sentences to explain the classification of organisms. In the mid-eighteenth century, Car
Ostrovityanka [42]

Answer:

3 and 6

Explanation:

3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
On earth clay minerals are the most common products of weathering. Samples from the moon do not contain any clay minerals. Why?
a_sh-v [17]

Answer:

Water slips between cracks in rocks on earth this is called weathering but on the moon there is no water so this cannot happen.

7 0
3 years ago
In the family tree below, people with the recessive trait of attached earlobes are shaded gray
serious [3.7K]
<h2><u>Full Question:</u></h2>

In the family tree below, people with the recessive trait of attached earlobes are shaded gray.

What must be true about the person labeled "A"?

A. It is a male with at least one dominant allele.

B. It is a male with two dominant alleles.

C. It is a female with at least one dominant allele.

D. It is a female with two dominant alleles.

<h2><u>Answer:</u></h2>

Its a male with atleast one dominant allele.

Option A.

<h3><u>Explanation:</u></h3>

The gene for the attached earlobe is recessive while the gene for the free earlobes is dominant. In the phylogenetic tree, we can see that both the father and mother aren't having attached earlobes. So both of them are having atleast one dominant allele which makes them have free earlobe.

In the F1 offsprings, one of the female and a male is having free earlobes. So both of them have atleast one dominant allele. The 2nd female is having an attached earlobe. So both the recessive allele have come form one parent each. So both of them are heterozygous.

Thus, the male marked as A atleast have one dominant allele. He can be a homozygous dominant, but the probability is 25%.

8 0
3 years ago
How can human activities affect the frequency and impact of natural disasters? &lt;&lt; Read Less
guapka [62]
Human activities such as Smog and Greenhouse gas can weaken the Earth's atmosphere allowing the suns rays to be more powerful when passing through the Atmosphere.
8 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Where does the arrows go
    11·1 answer
  • Three cells undergo meiosis. How many haploid cells are produced?<br> 3<br> 6<br> 9<br> 12
    7·2 answers
  • When a bond forms between units of a macromolecule, a water molecule is lost. What is this process called?
    5·1 answer
  • An albino woman marries a phenotypically normal man with no family history of albinism. What percentage of their children are li
    11·1 answer
  • How does an artificial pacemaker work?
    6·2 answers
  • Cross bridge formation between myosin heads and actin molecules is caused by the elevation of calcium ion concentration in the c
    15·1 answer
  • Which provide evidence for the general theory of relativity? Check all that apply
    15·2 answers
  • What is the role of solar energy in photosynthesis
    11·1 answer
  • Justify the statement “Structure of a cell is adapted to its function”, by giving examples of 2 plant and 2 animal cells that ar
    15·1 answer
  • What is a Punnett Square?:
    6·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!