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The purpose of mitosis is to create two new perfectly identical cells when either there is a need to replace old or damaged cells and to reproduce asexually by making new cells. Some organisms use mitosis to replace body parts. For example starfish replace lost arms by mitosis. Some organisms such as the hydra use mitosis to produce genetically identical offspring.
There are four stages of mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
1) Prophase: chromatin into chromosomes, the nuclear envelope break down, chromosomes attach to spindle fibres by their centromeres
2) Metaphase: chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate (centre of the cell)
3) Anaphase: sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
4) Telophase: nuclear envelope reforms, chromosomes unfold into chromatin, cytokinesis can begin
● The order of the stages of mitosis can be remembered using the mnemonic PMAT.
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Answer: Cytoskeleton and cytoplasm
The cytoskeleton is a network of microfilaments that provide structure and support for the cell. You can think of them as the pillars/columns that hold up a house.
The cytoplasm is the aqueous fluid that fills the inside of the cell. This fluid is very important for giving a cell is shape/support. If the cytoplasm was drained out of a cell its shape would collapse like a water balloon losing its water.
Answer: Inhibition of Mitosis
Explanation: docetaxel, inhibit the microtubule structures within the cell. Microtubules are part of the cell's apparatus for dividing and replicating itself. Inhibition of these structures ultimately results in cell death.
Answer:
RNA polymerase binds to the promoter
Polymerase initiates RNA synthesis at the start point on the template strand
RNA polymerase moves downstream unwinding the DNA
RNA transcript is released and polymerase detaches from the DNA
The pre-RNA undergoes processing
Explanation:
The promoter is the specific DNA sequence that serves as a binding site for RNA polymerase. The enzyme RNA polymerase recognizes the promoter sequence and binds to it to begin the process of RNA synthesis. The process of RNA synthesis begins at the start site where the process of the unwinding of DNA duplex is initiated.
The unwinding separates the two DNA strands at the start site where RNA polymerase begins the process of synthesis of the new RNA strand. The newly formed RNA strand and RNA polymerase are released from the template strand after the termination of the process.
In eukaryotes, the primary RNA transcript undergoes the process of splicing of introns, the addition of poly-A tails and 5' cap which in turn transform it into the mature mRNA.
Answer:
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