Answer:
Black codes denied the blacks the rights to testify against whites, to serve on juries or in state militias, vote.
Explanation:
The Black Codes, sometimes called Black Laws, were laws governing the conduct of African Americans (free blacks). The best known of them were passed in 1865 and 1866 by Southern states, after the American Civil War, in order to restrict African Americans' freedom, and to compel them to work for low wages.
Immediately after the Civil War ended, Southern states enacted "black codes" that allowed African Americans certain rights, such as legalized marriage, ownership of property, and limited access to the courts, but denied them the rights to testify against whites, to serve on juries or in state militias, vote.
Even as former slaves fought to assert their independence and gain economic autonomy during the earliest years of Reconstruction, white landowners acted to control the labor force through a system similar to the one that had existed during slavery.
Answer:
A prince gains renown by being feared instead of loved, according to Machiavelli.
Explanation:
In Machiavelli's <em>The Prince</em>, it states how to be an effective leader and how to improve an individuals power, which is an individualistic idea. He says being feared is better than being loved by the people this way you will always have control and maintenance over your country, this is a secular characteristic.
The First Crusade was the only crusade that managed to achieve its goal of recapturing Jerusalem.
(A) it appoints federal judges
Answer:
In Schenck v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled in 1919 that Schenck violated the Espionage Act. His campaign included printing and mailing 15,000 fliers to draft-age men arguing that conscription (the draft) was unconstitutional and urging them to resist. According to Schenck, conscription is a form of "involuntary servitude" and is therefore prohibited by the 13th Amendment. People were told to exercise their rights to free speech, peaceful assembly, and petitioning the government. Charles Schenck was imprisoned for expressing his beliefs after the court upheld the Espionage Act as constitutional. Schenck requested a new trial after he was convicted of violating the Espionage Act in 1917. He was denied the request. Afterward, he appealed to the Supreme Court, which agreed to review his case in 1919. This case later showed certain kinds of speech would be deemed illegal if it posed as a threat to the US’s needs.
Explanation:
