Answer:
a. social darwinism
Explanation:
Based on British social theorist Herbert Spencer’s theory, social darwinism is the belief that those species of animals, including human beings, that are the most adapted to their environment will survive and prosper, whereas those that are poorly adapted will eventually die out.
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
The Enlightenment is often considered a turning point in world history because philosophers and thinkers of this time period had an enormous impact on the creation of knowledge and information for the centuries that followed this period. Also the ideas of the Enlightenment had an enormous impact on governments and political movements specifically in regards to ideas such as human rights, natural rights, and also democratic governance. 
        
             
        
        
        
The correct answer is A) Did the researches tried to find any common factor in its subjects that would influence both hours spent sitting and the likelihood of developing diabetes?
The other options of the question are B) Who pay for this research and what possible motivations would they have to skew the results in a way that would benefit them? C) What are the average mortality rates associated with diabetes and does this risk offset the benefits of sitting comfortably at work? D) How did the researchers measure how many hours the subject sits per day and what qualifies as an official diabetes diagnosis?
A new high-profile study reports a strong connection between how long people sit every day and how likely they are to develop diabetes. The question that best represents a critical examination of the research is " Did the researches tried to find any common factor in its subjects that would influence both hours spent sitting and the likelihood of developing diabetes?"
A critical examination is the kind of evaluation approach that uses a systemathic and logical way to understand the phenomenon at study. The issue is studied in a systematic way to analyze the content and the variables in order to find the best alternative for the solution. That is why the question "A" best represents critical examination. 
 
        
             
        
        
        
I believe the answer is: Script
In psychology, script would determine the set of behaviours that a person tend to do when facing a certain situation. The formation of script usually influenced by several factors, including knowledge, previous experience, relationship with other people, or even personalities.