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natta225 [31]
2 years ago
12

Discuss porter 1980 model and what its relationship with the management of procurement?

Business
1 answer:
Ghella [55]2 years ago
3 0
Use of Porter’s (1985) Value Chain FrameworkPorter’s model of value chain is one of the best known and widely applied models of a company’s value-creation processes (Sanchez and Heene, 2004).  According to Porter:
 “Competitive advantage cannot be understood by looking at a firm as a whole. It stems from the many discrete activities a firm performs in designing, producing, marketing, delivering and supporting its product. Each of these activities can contribute to a firm’s relative cost position and create a basis for differentiation” (Porter, 1985:33)
Porter (1985), Besanko et al. (1996), and McGuffog & Wadsley (1999) identify that a company’s profitability is a function not only of industry conditions, but also of the amount of value it creates relative to its competitors.  A firm can achieve competitive advantage if it posses ‘capabilities’ that allow it to create not only positive value but as well additional total value than its competitors (Porter, 1985; Hooley et al, 2004).  By understanding why a company can create value and whether it can continue to it in the future is a necessary first step in diagnosing a firm’s potential for achieving a competitive advantage in the marketplace (Hitt et al, 2007; Spanos and Lioukas, 2001).  Therefore, a firm must understand how its products serves customer needs better than potential substitutes; the technology of production, distribution and sales; and the business’s costs (Porter, 1985). 
<span>According to Hill & Jones (2001, 5th ed.) maintain that the term “value chain” refers to the concept that a company is s chain of activities for transforming inputs into outputs with purpose to deliver value to the customers.  Pearson (1999) states that a competitive strategy is focused on the top-level strategic objective of a company with purpose to gain competitive advantage.  Hence, if a company wishes to achieve a competitive strategy must encompass every aspect of the business so that every manager and employee knows the objectives of this strategy is and as a result every decision and action is consistent with it and serves to put in practice (Pearson, 1999).  The value chain is therefore a logical way of looking the overall business activities with purpose to mobilise these various strategic impacts (Porter, 1984).</span>
Porter (1985) introduced the concept of value chain as the basic tool for examining the activities a company performs and their interactions with a view to identifying the sources of sustainable competitive advantage.  It separates the activities of a firm into a sequential stream of activities and is used to analyse and establish the importance of the different activities in delivering the final product/service, thereby facilitating the identification of core and non-core activities. 
<span>A simplistic view of this activity organisation and operation is given to the following figure.  These activities in the value chain are core (primary) and supplementary (secondary or support) activities.  Companies, primarily have to identify the core activities that would give them sustainable competitive advantage and then identify the assets and competencies needed to achieve this advantage.  According to Sanchez and Heene (2004), the value chain activities are systematically interrelated and represent value creation.  Therefore, a business gains competitive advantage by performing these activities either more cheaply than its competitors (low cost strategy), or in a unique way that creates superior customer value and commands a price premium (differentiation).</span>
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Compared to a perfectly competitive firm, the demand schedule of a monopolistically competitive firm faces is:________
Volgvan

Compared to a perfectly competitive firm, the demand schedule of a monopolistically competitive firm faces <u>downward-sloping demand curves</u>.

A monopolistic market is a theoretical situation that describes a marketplace in which only one agency might also provide products and services to the public. A monopolistic market is the other of a perfectly competitive marketplace, in which an endless variety of companies function.

Monopolistic opposition exists while many businesses offer competing products or services which might be similar, but not best, substitutes. The barriers to access in a monopolistic competitive industry are low, and the choices of anyone firm do now not directly have an effect on its competition.

A monopoly has management over the supply of the product but though it can are seeking to influence the demand, it does not have management over it. In truth, a monopoly has to make a preference. it may set the price, but then it has to just accept the extent of income, consumers is prepared to buy at that fee.

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5 0
1 year ago
A company produces and sells a consumer product and is able to control the demand for the product by varying the selling price.
Yuki888 [10]

A company produces and sells a consumer product and is able to control the demand for the product by varying the selling price. The approximate relationship between price and demand is 50 units.

p = 38 + (2,700 / D) - (5,000 / D2)

Marginal (variable) cost (MC) = 40

(a) Profit is maximized by equality of Marginal revenue (MR) and MC.

Total revenue (TR) = p x D = 38D + 2,700 - (5,000 / D)

MR = dTR / dD = 38 + (5,000 / D2)

Equating MR with MC,

38 + (5,000 / D2) = 40

5,000 / D2 = 2

D2 = 2,500

Taking positive square root on each side,

D = 50

(b) When D = 50, from demand function we get

p = 38 + (2,700 / 50) - (5,000 / 2,500) = 38 + 54 - 2 = $90 (Profit-maximizing price)

Profit (\pi) ($) = Total Revenue - Total Costs = TR - (Fixed cost + Total variable cost) = (p x D) - (1,000 + 40D)

= 38D + 2,700 - (5,000 / D) - 1,000 - 40D

= 1,700 - 2D - (5,000 / D)

Profit is maximized when d\pi/dD = 0 and d2\pi/dD2 < 0.

First order condition: d\pi/dD = - 2 + (5,000 / D2)

Second order condition: d2\pi/dD2 = d/dD(d\pi/dD) = - 2 x (5,000 / D3) = - 10,000 / D3

Since D > 0, (- 10,000 / D3) < 0, which proves that profit is maximized when company produces = 50 units.

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8 0
2 years ago
What is the Urban Dictionary definition of Makenzie
dusya [7]

Makenzie's are so awesome, funny, athletic, sweet, kindhearted and you will always laugh whenever your around a Makenzie. Makenzies and the most coolest people in the whole world you have to know a Makenzie now.

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3 years ago
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of long-run equilibrium for a perfectly competitive firm? Select one:
adelina 88 [10]

Answer: <u>"b. Price is greater than long-run average cost."</u> is NOT characteristic of long-run equilibrium for a perfectly competitive firm.

Explanation: In the long term the company will produce the output level at which long-run average cost is at its minimum.

Where the price is equal to the long-run marginal cost and the long-run average cost.

3 0
3 years ago
Until 1996, U.S. carmakers sent very few right-hand-drive cars to Japan while German carmakers exported several models with the
Alona [7]

Answer:

not satisfying customer needs on critical factors.

Explanation:

In this scenario American companies were supplying more of left hand side cars to Japan. When Japan needed more of the right hand side cars. They ignored the customer needs and instead gave him what he has little use for.

On the other hand Germany supplied Japan the specification of cars that they wanted.

American car manufacturers will be blamed for not satisfying customer needs on critical factor of right hand drive cars.

7 0
3 years ago
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