The answer is Surgical Contraceptive Methods e.g. Vasectomy(For males) and Tubectomy(Females)<span>.
</span>Vasectomy:- In this method vas deference is cutted and tied so that sperms can't reach uthera.
Tubectomy:- In this method both fallopian tubes are cut and tied, so that no egg can head towards the site of reproduction(
Cervix).
Note:- Both process are irreversible.
In my opinion, the correct answer among the choice given above is option D. It is advantageous for grazing mammals to gather in groups because groups <span>offer greater protection from predation. It protects them because predators will think twice in nearing the group because it is outnumbered.</span>
C. is your correct answer.