Answer:
Structurally, the ribosome comprises of two major parts: The small ribosomal units and the large ribosomal units. Each unit contains ribosomal Ribonucleic acid molecules, which is usually one or more than one called rRNA. Each unit also contain ribosomal protein, rproteins. Each of these components are very important for the translation of messenger RNA into proteins encoded by the RNA.
Explanation:
The ribosome and its components are generally referred to as translational apparatus. The small subunit of the ribosome is effective in reading the codes encoded on the mRNA, which . The large subunit is needed to actually join the amino acids needed to form the right protein (or polypeptides). The proteins within the ribosome is used to act as a scaffold that only aid the ribosome ability to form polypeptides.
Since both prokaryotes and eukaryotes are constantly forming proteins using the amino acids they accumulated through nutrition, therefore, both groups possess ribosome. However, the percentage of rRNA and protein in each group differs. For prokaryotes, the rRNA to protein ratio is close to 2, while in eukaryotes like human is close to one.
Answer:
This can be explained based on structure, and on metabolisms of carbohydrate.
Explanation:
Carbohydrate has a relatively simple structural composition than the either protein or fatty acids. The C, H and Oxygen molecules are of relatively fewer in number and few chains than fats and protein.Thus cells will spend less energy to break bonds(catabolisims) among these molecules during cellular respiration pathways to trap the energy.
In addition glucose the end products of carbohydrate did not need any processing before it enters glycolysis, Kreb's Cycle and oxidative phosphorylation pathways to generate energy for the cells.
Conversely, for protein to be used it has to be first deaminated(removal of amino acid) by the liver before it enters glycolysis,while fats needs to be broken down and undergo beta oxidation with the long chains removed before it can form acetyl CoA. Therefore cells will prefer few steps, less endergonic pathways of glucose than longer more endergonic amino acids and fatty acid pathways.
Furthermore, glucose can be used in cellular respiration to produce energy either aerobically or anaerobically, while fats can only be used anaerobically. Therefore, since cells usually prefer to thrive in aerobic conditions they breakdown glucose easily during this period, and when lack of oxygen occurs they switched to anaerobic, Thus, the versatility of glucose to oxygen concentration makes glucose a better choice. Besides if fats was used anaerobically, ketone bodies build up which may be toxic to the cells.
A movement in response to gravity is called tropism.
