Given :
Population of country in 2006 , P = 300 million.
Consumption of fruit juice in 2006 by while population, C = 1.85 billion.
To Find :
The average number of gallons of fruit juice consumed per person in the country in 2006.
Solution :
We know, 1 billion = 1000 million.
C = 1.85 billion = 1850 million.
Now, average umber of gallons of fruit juice consumed per person in the country in 2006 is :

Hence, this is the required solution.
The anchor of the guy wire is 12.06 meters away form base of electrical pole.
Further explanation:
The whole given scenario forms a right angle triangle. The pole is standing straight so it is the perpendicular while the guy wire goes from the top of pole to the anchor so it will be the hypotenuse. We have to finds the base.
Pythagoras theorem will be used.
Pythagoras theorem states that:

Given
Base=?
Perpendicular=12.4 m
Hypotenuse = 17.3 m
Putting the values

The anchor of the guy wire is 12.06 meters away form base of electrical pole.
Keywords: Pythagoras theorem, Hypotenuse
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D = mV + C , ( compare this to your familiar y = mx + b)
when V=40, D=150
150 = 40m + C **
when V=54, D=192
192 = 54m + C ***
subtract ** from ***
42 = 14m
m = 3
sub into ** , 150 = 120 + C
C = 30
so you have D = 3V + 30
sub in your given value of V