An experiment refers to the act of observing or doing something under a certain "condition" that will result in the final state of events that are not predictable. For this reason, we can say that an experiment can prove causation. The experiments serve to assist us in evaluating relationships between variables and especially help us to attribute causality where it is plausible to claim that such relationships exist.
Bob is likely to be studying the environmental sociology.
This is a study where in societal environmental interactions is being studied
through a sociological study and that it usually focuses on the problem with
the environment and integrating human cultures.