<span>A person who holds sovereign rule over a kingdom or empire.</span>
We see from the excerpt that the use of "disgraceful deception" reveals that Jack disapproves of being deceptive behavior.
"Continuing his disgraceful deception, he succeeded in the course of the afternoon in alienating the affections of my only ward."- we can see the explicit use of the word deception used as an adjective for Jack's behavior. So, he was deceptive in the context of the excerpt.
He falsely pretended to be his brother. He consumed all 89 wine that the narrator had kept reserved for himself. He altered the affection of his only ward. He did all this knowingly and knowing he had no brother. All this proves his deceptive behavior in the excerpt.
To learn more about deceptive behavior here
brainly.com/question/15354480
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I believe it would be c)landed
