Long-term potentiation (LTP) is considered a cellular correlate of learning and memory. The presence of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K(+) (GIRK) channels near excitatory synapses on dendritic spines suggests their possible involvement in synaptic plasticity. However, whether activity-dependent regulation of channels affects excitatory synaptic plasticity is unknown. In a companion article we have reported activity-dependent regulation of GIRK channel density in cultured hippocampal neurons that requires activity oF receptors (NMDAR) and protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) and takes place within 15 min. In this study, we performed whole-cell recordings of cultured hippocampal neurons and found that NMDAR activation increases basal GIRK current and GIRK channel activation mediated by adenosine A(1) receptors, but not GABA(B) receptors. Given the similar involvement of NMDARs, adenosine receptors, and PP1 in depotentiation of LTP caused by low-frequency stimulation that immediately follows LTP-inducing high-frequency stimulation, we wondered whether NMDAR-induced increase in GIRK channel surface density and current may contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying this specific depotentiation. Remarkably, GIRK2 null mutation or GIRK channel blockade abolishes depotentiation of LTP, demonstrating that GIRK channels are critical for depotentiation, one form of excitatory synaptic plasticity.
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Answer:
alcohol is the answer i think
It is located in the sympathetic nervous system which originates in the spinal cord. Hope this helps!
Answer:
The correct answer is C) The compound is an allosteric inhibitor.
Explanation:
An inhibitor works in many ways, but this particular one binds to the allosteric site in the enzyme causing a decrease of the enzymatic activity. When this situation happens, the inhibitor doesn't bind to the active site, but it changes the enzyme's shape so it cannot work properly anymore.
Answer:
Lots of bacteria are present as the microflora of a baby's gut which helps it to extract the nutrition from mother's milk and also helps the baby to maintain a low number of pathogenic bacteria in its gut.
Some bacteria present in the baby gut release enzymes like glycoside hydrolase which helps baby to digest carbohydrate present in the mother's milk.
Bacteria like Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus are already present in breast milk which helps in making gut microflora of baby and this gut microflora helps in extracting nutrients from mother's milk.
