Explanation:
villi are small finger like structures in the small intestine
Answer;
ATP.
The generation of ATP occurs by Chemiosmosis.
Explanation;
In the electron transport chain, hydrogen ions in the matrix space can only pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane through a membrane protein called ATP synthase.
As these protons move through ATP synthase, ADP is turned into ATP.
The production of ATP using the process of chemiosmosis in mitochondria is called oxidative phosphorylation.
Answer:
a. different alleles of the seed shape gene.
Explanation:
Mendel crossed different varieties of pea plants and he observed how phenotypic traits passed to the progeny. From these experiments, Mendel formulated the 'First Law of Segregation', where he observed that traits may exist in pairs that segregate (separate) at meiosis. During meiosis, i.e., gamete formation, these two factors separate from each other, thereby each gamete has the same probability of receiving either factor. Nowadays, we know that these two factors represent two different gene variants or 'alleles' for a given gene <em>locus</em>. Alleles can be classified into dominant or recessive as in the example above described, where the R factor (round) dominates on the r factor (wrinkled) to determine the seed shape.
The first known single-celled organisms appeared on Earth about 3.5 billion years ago, roughly a billion years after Earth formed. More complex forms of life took longer to evolve, with the first multicellular animals not appearing until about 600 million years ago.
