Alternating sugar and phosphate molecules form the sides or "backbone" of the DNA molecule
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I say just guess. sorry, this is a hard question XD
why does our nose get stuffy when we have a cold
Answer:
Due to dilation of blood vessels in the sinuses of the nose
Explanation:
Often times, we think our nose gets stuffed up due to the excess mucus in times of cold but it is not always so.
We get stuffed due to the body's homeostasis, a drive to internally control and balance the outside environment.
- During cold, blood vessels dilate so as to allow for more inflow of blood.
- Incoming blood brings in more heat to the body parts.
1. The carrier proteins via which sugar comes into pancreatic beta cells have HIGHER Km when compared to the carriers via which sugar comes into muscle cells at fasting blood sugar levels.
Explanation: A high Km amount shows a low affinity for the substrate. The carrier protein (GLUT4), which is basically observed in muscle cells, do possess a stronger affinity for glucose (low km 1.8-4.8mM) thereby making sure that maximum glucose is efficiently transported in tissues in situations where glucose concentration drops. While the carrier proteins located in beta cells (GLUT2) do show a high km ~20mM, as a higher km promotes for glucose sensing.
2. In order for muscle cells to raise sugar import INSULIN MUST BE PRESENT.
3. Oh, and glucokinase has a HIGH Km when compared to hexokinase.
Explanation: Glucokinase do possesses a minimal affinity (higher Km) for glucose as it will only function in situations of increased glucose concentration in serum.
4. Proton pumps are required for the release of transferrin from the transferrin receptor and iron form transferrin.
Explanation: H+ ATPases reduces the pH of the vesicle and results in transferrin to produce iron.
5. Iron Reductases Convert the iron to the active form in which it may be exported.
6. This happens in the Lysosome.
Explanation: Ferric iron is transformed into ferrous iron (which is the active type) through the activities of ferric reductase.
B) Geologic.
Hope this helps~!
~{Isle of flightless birds}