Genetic variation can be caused by mutation (which can create entirely new alleles in a population), random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis (which reshuffles alleles within an organism's offspring).
Answer:
Rate = 2 cm/year
Explanation:
It is given that, a plate moves 200m in 10,000 years. We need to find its rate in cm/year.
We know that, 1 m = 100 cm
200 m = 200 × 100 cm
= 20000 cm
Its rate is given by :
So, the plate is moving at a rate of 2 cm/year.
Movement of substances can be classified as active transport of passive transport.
In passive transport movement of substances across the membrane occurs without the expense of ATP. It occurs usually along the concentration gradient i.e., from high concentration to low concentration.
In active transport, movement of substances require energy in the form of ATP because it happens against the concentration gradient i.e. from low concentration to high concentration.
