Homologous chromosomes (although they may have different alleles)
Answer:
Peptidoglycan layer.
Explanation:
The thickness of the peptidoglycan protein layer is the main difference between gram negative, and gram positive bacteria. Gram positive bacteria contains thick peptidoglycan layer which retains the gram staining, and making the bacteria purple under the microscope.
Gram negative bacteria contains thin peptidoglycan layer which do not retain the gram staining, and making the bacteria pink under the microscope.
Answer:
Bacteriophages may be defined as the viruses that has the ability to affect the bacterial cell. The bacteriophages are used to study the specific behavior of the bacteria as well as viruses.
Two main types of phages are temperature phage and virulent phage. The virulent phage undergoes the lytic cycle and kill their host immediately. The temperate phage can perform both the lytic and lysogenic cycle. The temperate phage can be used to study both the effect of the virus as well as bacteria and most commonly used in the researches.
Answer:
A) to increase the production of ATP
Explanation:
Brown fat cells have numerous mitochodria that have the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1). This protein is used to dissipate the proton-motive force generating heat (becomes important during cold temperatures) and uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation.