Question

A glucose molecule is completely broken down upon completion of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. however, these two processes yield only a few atps. what other energy carrier(s) that can be used to synthesize more atps is/are also generated during these processes?

Answer 1

In both the process of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle; yes ATP is produced albeit in a very low amount. Another byproduct of these pathways are the production of reducing compounds such as reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH). These reducing compounds are used in the electron transport chain to produce a proton gradient, and with a proton gradient, the enzyme ATP synthase will synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Answer 2

The energy carriers that are generated during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle and then used to generate more ATP are FADH2 and NADH.

Further Explanation;

Cellular respiration;

• Cellular respiration is the process by which living organisms use nutrients or food substances to generate energy in the form of ATP that is required to drive cellular processes.
• Cellular respiration takes place in three stages; glycolysis, Kreb's cycle and electron transport.

Glycolysis

• It is the first stage of aerobic respiration where an organic molecule such as glucose is broken down to form 2 molecules of Acetyl-CoA and net production of 2 ATP molecules.
• Each glucose molecule yields two molecules of ATP and two molecules of Acetyl-CoA.
• During the process of glycolysis 2 molecules of energy carrier, NADH which are then taken to energy transport chain to produce more ATP.

Citric acid cycle

• It is the second phase of aerobic respiration that involves a series of reactions catalyzed by various enzymes.
• Acetyl-CoA from glycolysis undergoes a series of reaction to produce six molecules of NADH, two molecules of FADH2, together with carbon dioxide and two molecules of ATP.
• The energy carriers, NADH and FADH2 are then used to produce more ATP in the energy transport chain.

Electron transport chain

• It is the final stage of Aerobic respiration, where the six molecules of NADH and two molecules of FADH2 from Kreb's cycle and 2 NADH molecules from glycolysis are used to generate more energy in the form of ATP.
• This stage generates 34 molecules of ATP.  

Keywords: Cellular respiration, energy carriers, energy in the form of ATP, use of energy carriers from glycolysis and citric acid cycle to generate more ATP.

Learn more about:

• Cellular respiration: brainly.com/question/543244
• Stages of cellular respiration: brainly.com/question/543244
• Electron transport chain: brainly.com/question/543244
• Energy carriers: brainly.com/question/543244

Level: High school

Subject: Biology

Topic: Cellular respiration

Sub-topic: Energy carriers in cellular respiration