A toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.
In photosynthetic organisms, NADPH is produced by ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase in the last step of the electron chain of the light reactions of photosynthesis. It is used as reducing power for the biosynthetic reactions in the Calvin cycle to assimilate carbon dioxide.
Answer:
Answer is below.
Explanation:
First of all, it would be much darker the deeper you go. On the surface, the light from the sun touches the ocean, making the ocean look like a light blue. However, if you dive down even deeper, you will find a darker blue, and later nothing (the sun won't touch the deep parts of the ocean, so all you would see is darkness). The short answer to this is: It's lighter around the surface, and darker the deeper you dive down into the ocean.
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In the prophase of mitosis if 18 duplicated chromosomes are in a cell then the number of chromosomes in interphase is <u>9</u>.
A cell's growth and division are accompanied by a sequence of processes known as a cell cycle. A cell spends the majority of its time in what is known as interphase, where it develops, duplicates its chromosomes, and gets ready to divide. The cell then exits interphase, goes through mitosis, and finishes dividing.
A sister chromatid is one that has two identical copies of a chromosome that are connected by a common centromere during chromosome DNA replication. In other words, a sister chromatid can also be thought of as "one-half" of a chromosome that has been duplicated. A dyad is a pair of sister chromatids.
Sister chromatids, which are firmly connected at the centromere region of each chromosome, are created as a result of DNA replication during the S phase (synthesis phase). Each chromosome is a duplicate at this point and is made up of two sister chromatids.
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Mutualism. e.g. oxpecker and zebra
commensalism. e.g. remora fish and sharks
parasitism. e.g. tapeworms and cow
