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Murrr4er [49]
3 years ago
12

While conducting an investigation, you observe that exposing inner mitochondrial membranes to ultrasonic vibrations disrupts the

membranes. The membrane fragments reseal "inside out," forming small vesicles. These vesicles are still able to transfer electrons from NADH to oxygen and synthesize ATP. Based on these observations, what must be present in the membrane?
Biology
1 answer:
Phoenix [80]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

The four protein complexes of electron transport chain and ATP synthase

Explanation:

The electron transport chain present in the inner mitochondrial membrane has four protein complexes, known as complex I to complex IV, embedded in it.

Electrons from NADH are carried to the terminal electron acceptor, the molecular oxygen, via these protein complexes.

The electron transport through the protein complexes is coupled with the formation of proton motive force which in turn drives ATP synthesis with the help of ATP synthase enzyme.

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Identify a scenario where an experiment would be replicated
Vsevolod [243]

Answer:

If you did not follow the procedure as you should have.

Explanation:

You may have to repeat an experiment for several reasons. It can be because you need to be certain of the results so that you have to perform it several times. Or you need more precise results so that you can fine-tune the variables and repeat the experiment again.

The most common scenario where an experiment would be replicated would be in a situation where you did not follow the procedure that you have outlined exactly like you should have so that the results you got are not 100% reliable. In such a case, the experiment would need to be replicated for the correct results.

I hope this answer helps.

3 0
3 years ago
Place all eight of these steps of the insulin signaling pathway in the correct order. The abbreviation PIP 2 is used for phospha
DedPeter [7]

Answer:

The correct insulin pathway is described as under:

2. Binding of insulin to the alpha subunit of the insulin receptor

8. Activation of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase

3. Phosphorylation of IRS proteins

6. Phosphorylation of phosphinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K)

4. Conversion of PIP2 to PIP3

7. Activation of PIP3-dependent protein kinase B (PDK1)

5. Glut4 receptors transported to the cell membrane

Explanation:

The insulin signaling pathway is described as under:

RTK (receptor tyrosine kinases) which is a receptor for insulin is an extracellular receptor but in contrast to other cell surface receptors it is catalytic in nature. In the absence of insulin (ligand), it is monomeric but as soon as it gets activated (activation occurs upon ligand binding), it undergo dimerization. It leads to auto-phosphorylation in it's tyrosine residue which subsequently leads to phosphorylation of tyrosine residue of other receptors. Such hyper-phosphorylated receptor have high affinity with enzyme/molecule like IRS protein which have SH2 domain . IRS down stream activates phosphinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K). This enzyme converts component of animal cell membrane PIP2 into PIP3. PIP3 also remains membrane bound but it has the potential to phosphorylate another enzyme named as PIP3-dependent protein kinase B (PDK1). Further, PDK1 leads to the activation of Akt or PK-B. Akt is a serine-threonine kinase which ultimately leads to the recruitment of Glut4 receptors on cell membrane for uptake of more and more glucose into the cell.

Note: Apart from this Akt also phosphorylates another protein named as FOXO which ultimately causes cell growth, Akt can also phosphorylate BAD protein so as to restrict cell apoptosis or we can say it leads to cell survival, Akt also leads to translation in a cell with the help of mTOR raptor etc.  

5 0
3 years ago
Plz help me well mark brainliest!!
Nitella [24]
C. The problem of endangered species
7 0
3 years ago
How do some cold-blooded animals keep their bodies at a constant temperature in cooler environments? By generating their own hea
nekit [7.7K]
I am thinking it is by heating themselves in sunlight. I think this because when I bring lizards to mind, they are cold blooded, and they need sunlight to bath in so they do not start to lack warmth to live.

I hope this helps.
7 0
3 years ago
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Jack bought a small turtle. Three months later, the turtle had grown to twice its original size. Which of the following statemen
Triss [41]

Answer:

he feeds his turtle then it ggrows

Explanation:

3 0
3 years ago
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