They are traits shared by members of a group of organisms that have many similarities.<span />
Humoral immunity<span> or humoural </span>immunity<span> is the aspect of </span>immunity<span> that is </span>mediated<span>by macromolecules found in extracellular fluids such as secreted </span>antibodies<span>, complement proteins, and certain antimicrobial peptides. Humoral </span>immunity<span> is so named because it involves substances found in the humors, or body fluids.</span>
Answer:
The correct answer is option B) "Increasing the activity of the enzyme phosphodiesterase in smooth muscle cells".
Explanation:
Phosphodiesterase (PDE) is a type of enzyme that catalyzes the break of a phosphodiester bond. PDE have an important role in the regulation of nitric oxide signaling, particularly in smooth muscle cells. PDE inhibits by acting as an enzymatic degradation agent in the nitric oxide signaling process and in the regulation of cGMP, a secondary messenger that acts as a vasodilator.