January 1, 1863<span>On September 22, 1862, after the battle at Antietam, he issued a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation declaring all slaves free in the rebellious states as of January 1, 1863.</span>
Answer:
Institutional oppression is a form of systemic oppression, whereby an institution (e.g university of government) intentionally discriminate a group of people based on their identity, such as race and class.While another group benefits. These intentional disadvantages are supported and enforced by the institutions policies and laws, and supported by society.
Examples of the intersection between systemic and institutional oppression:
1. Biased policies used in hiring. A company may seek a candidate who will work 6 days a week and extra hours each week. This will result in little to no women being hired because of the potential that she might (if not already) have kids, thus unable to work long hours and weekends.
2. Institutional racism in the housing sector. Black individuals are denied home loans because they are assumed to be living in high risk neighborhoods (racial profiling), while their White counterparts are assumed to live in safe neighborhoods, thus are eligible for home loans
Explanation:
A political machine was the name given to a corrupt political organization that were major factors in the American political system in the 19th and early 20th century. These political machines were usually organizations run by "bosses" that sought to sway political elections by bringing out masses of people to vote for candidates who supported these bosses financially or with government contracts/services. These bosses were supported financially and thus supported their underlings in efforts to sway political elections to bring in more funding to the machine as well.
Plato criticized "timocracy" - a system similar to autocracy, where the power only is in the hands of those that posses property, he further criticized oligarchy and tyranny.
The early human civilization were generally settled at a distance from oceans, as they felt that such water is of no use to them.
<h3>What is the significance of early civilizations?</h3>
One of the earliest civilizations in the world began near the rivers and valleys, because they had diversity of natural resources. Moreover, rivers and valleys have been given to birth to agricultural practices.
After knowing about these advantages, people realized that settlements shall never be practiced near the oceans, as the ocean water is not useful for human consumption.
Therefore, the significance of early civilizations has been aforementioned.
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