Since x and y are directly related, the equation for their comparison will look like
kx = y
where k is your constant. They give you an instance in the problem where x = 27 and y = 81. Plug this into the above equation and solve for k.
kx = y
k (27) = 81
k = 3
Thus, the constant of variation is 3.
if you start at the point (0,1), you are going to go up and over to (-2,4), which means you will go up 3 and to the left, which means negative, 2
rise/run
3/-2
2 workers, each 8 per hour, for 40hrs a week, so one earns 8 * 40, or 320 bucks, is two workers, so 320 + 320 or 640 bucks
if 2000 is the 100%, how much is 640 in percentage off of it?
well

solve for "x"