Whole numbers<span><span>\greenD{\text{Whole numbers}}Whole numbers</span>start color greenD, W, h, o, l, e, space, n, u, m, b, e, r, s, end color greenD</span> are numbers that do not need to be represented with a fraction or decimal. Also, whole numbers cannot be negative. In other words, whole numbers are the counting numbers and zero.Examples of whole numbers:<span><span>4, 952, 0, 73<span>4,952,0,73</span></span>4, comma, 952, comma, 0, comma, 73</span>Integers<span><span>\blueD{\text{Integers}}Integers</span>start color blueD, I, n, t, e, g, e, r, s, end color blueD</span> are whole numbers and their opposites. Therefore, integers can be negative.Examples of integers:<span><span>12, 0, -9, -810<span>12,0,−9,−810</span></span>12, comma, 0, comma, minus, 9, comma, minus, 810</span>Rational numbers<span><span>\purpleD{\text{Rational numbers}}Rational numbers</span>start color purpleD, R, a, t, i, o, n, a, l, space, n, u, m, b, e, r, s, end color purpleD</span> are numbers that can be expressed as a fraction of two integers.Examples of rational numbers:<span><span>44, 0.\overline{12}, -\dfrac{18}5,\sqrt{36}<span>44,0.<span><span> <span>12</span></span> <span> </span></span>,−<span><span> 5</span> <span> <span>18</span></span><span> </span></span>,<span>√<span><span> <span>36</span></span> <span> </span></span></span></span></span>44, comma, 0, point, start overline, 12, end overline, comma, minus, start fraction, 18, divided by, 5, end fraction, comma, square root of, 36, end square root</span>Irrational numbers<span><span>\maroonD{\text{Irrational numbers}}Irrational numbers</span>start color maroonD, I, r, r, a, t, i, o, n, a, l, space, n, u, m, b, e, r, s, end color maroonD</span> are numbers that cannot be expressed as a fraction of two integers.Examples of irrational numbers:<span><span>-4\pi, \sqrt{3}<span>−4π,<span>√<span><span> 3</span> <span> </span></span></span></span></span>minus, 4, pi, comma, square root of, 3, end square root</span>How are the types of number related?The following diagram shows that all whole numbers are integers, and all integers are rational numbers. Numbers that are not rational are called irrational.
Answer:
d) 300 times for the first game and 30 times for the second
Step-by-step explanation:
We start by noting that the coin is fair and the flip of a coin has a probability of 0.5 of getting heads.
As the coin is flipped more than one time and calculated the proportion, we have to use the <em>sampling distribution of the sampling proportions</em>.
The mean and standard deviation of this sampling distribution is:
We will perform an analyisis for the first game, where we win the game if the proportion is between 45% and 55%.
The probability of getting a proportion within this interval can be calculated as:
referring the z values to the z-score of the standard normal distirbution.
We can calculate this values of z as:
If we take into account the z values, we notice that the interval increases with the number of trials, and so does the probability of getting a value within this interval.
With this information, our chances of winning increase with the number of trials. We prefer for this game the option of 300 games.
For the second game, we win if we get a proportion over 80%.
The probability of winning is:
The z value is calculated as before:
As (p*-p)=0.8-0.5=0.3>0, the value z* increase with the number of trials (N).
If our chances of winnings depend on P(z>z*), they become lower as z* increases.
Then, we can conclude that our chances of winning decrease with the increase of the number of trials.
We prefer the option of 30 trials for this game.
