The cyanobacteria changed the composition of the earth’s atmosphere by evolving oxygen in what is referred to as the Great Oxygenation Event. This also allowed the ozone to be formed and block off most of the UV rays that are destructive to genetic material. Life was, therefore, also able to exist on land other than in water.
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By eating things with protein in it. Sorry if this sounds too simple, but that's all it is.
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Wetland reduction has caused a decrease in the absorption zones for excess water. If the excess water cannot be absorbed by the soil, it increases the incidence and magnitude of flooding.
