Answer:
(a) 
(b) 3
(c) 27
(d)
Step-by-step explanation:
We need simplify the given expressions.
(a)
Consider the given expression is


Using the properties of exponents we get
![[\because (a^m)^n=a^{mn}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B%5Cbecause%20%28a%5Em%29%5En%3Da%5E%7Bmn%7D%5D)
![[\because a^ma^n=a^{m+n}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B%5Cbecause%20a%5Ema%5En%3Da%5E%7Bm%2Bn%7D%5D)

(b)
Consider the given expression is


Using the properties of exponents we get
![[\because (a^m)^n=a^{mn}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B%5Cbecause%20%28a%5Em%29%5En%3Da%5E%7Bmn%7D%5D)
![[\because a^ma^n=a^{m+n}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B%5Cbecause%20a%5Ema%5En%3Da%5E%7Bm%2Bn%7D%5D)


(c)
Consider the given expression is

Using the properties of exponents we get
![[\because a^{-n}=\dfrac{1}{a^n}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B%5Cbecause%20a%5E%7B-n%7D%3D%5Cdfrac%7B1%7D%7Ba%5En%7D%5D)

(d)
Consider the given expression is

Using the properties of exponents we get
![[\because a^ma^n=a^{m+n}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B%5Cbecause%20a%5Ema%5En%3Da%5E%7Bm%2Bn%7D%5D)

![[\because a^{-n}=\dfrac{1}{a^n}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B%5Cbecause%20a%5E%7B-n%7D%3D%5Cdfrac%7B1%7D%7Ba%5En%7D%5D)