1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
hichkok12 [17]
3 years ago
12

Which of the following Supreme Court cases ruled that school sponsored prayer by clergy at a graduation was unconstitutional? En

gel v. Vitale Santa Fe v. Doe Stone v. Graham Lee v. Wiseman
History
1 answer:
anastassius [24]3 years ago
8 0

  Althought every case presented in the options was about an aspect of religion in schools the one which ruled that school sponsored prayer by clergy at a graduation was unscontitutional is <em>"Lee v. Weisman"</em> .

  It was the first major school prayer case decided by the Rehnquist court on the year 1992.

<h3>   <u>Context</u></h3>

  Robert E. Lee was the principal of Nathan Bishop Middle School in Providence, Rhode Island. He invited a rabbi to present a prayer at the 1989 graduation ceremony, Deborah Weisman was a student from that class and her parents requested a temporary injunction to ban the rabbi´s presentation. At first instance the Rhode Island court denied the Weisman´s motion, nevertheless the Wesiman family still attended to the graduation and the rabbi gave his speech.

  The Weisman family continued their litigation after the graduation and won in the First Circuit Court of Appeals. The argument of the family was an interpretation of the <em>"Establishment clause"</em>  that sustained the free excercise of religion throughout the country and prohibit the congress to sanction a law about establishing a determinated religion. The interpretation which the family and the Supreme Court held was a broad interpretation.

  After having lost in the First Circuit Court of Appeals the school district appealed to the Supreme Court under the argument that the prayer was nonsectarian and doubly voluntary, Deborah was free not to stand for the prayer and the participation in the ceremony wasn´t obligatory neither.

<h3>   <u>Decision</u> </h3>

  On june 24, 1992 the decision was announced and, as I wrote in the last paragraph, it was a win for the Weisman family as the Court accept the arguements presented by them and reject the ones presented by the school district making special emphasis on the one which said that the attend of Deborah to the graduation was voluntary:

<em>"To say a teenage student has a real choice not to attend her high school graduation is formalistic in the extreme. True, Deborah could elect not to attend commencement without renouncing her diploma; but we shall not allow the case to turn on this point. Everyone knows that, in our society and in our culture, high school graduation is one of life's most significant occasions. A school rule which excuses attendance is beside the point. Attendance may not be required by official decree, yet it is apparent that a student is not free to absent herself from the graduation exercise in any real sense of the term "voluntary," for absence would require forfeiture of those intangible benefits which have motivated the student through youth and all her high school years" </em>Anthony Kennedy.

I hope that the answer is correct and helps you. Regards

You might be interested in
Study this political cartoon, and then answer the question. What was the artist of this cartoon trying to accomplish?
nika2105 [10]

Hello. You did not show the cartoon to which the question refers, which makes it impossible for it to be answered accurately, but I will help you in the best possible way.

When an artist does a political cartoon, he is trying to make the public realize an adverse situation that is happening in politics in a critical and punctual way. Political cartoons generally present political issues in a satirical and ironic way, but they can also expose these issues in a literal and serious way.

6 0
3 years ago
Which civilizations ideas were the foundation or collective learning in the mediterranean world
sweet-ann [11.9K]
Mesopotamia--this early civilization traces connections to trade as early as 2300 BC connecting to Egypt and the Indus Valley. 

Through trade, ideas and collective learning occurred spreading to these Bronze Age civilizations. Eventually this spread to more growing civilizations to the north (Greece) and east (Persia).
4 0
3 years ago
How did industrial technology disrupt Germany's military strategy early in
bazaltina [42]
The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War. Following the outbreak of war in August 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne. Following the Race to the Sea, both sides dug in along a meandering line of fortified trenches, stretching from the North Sea to the Swiss frontier with France, which changed little except during early 1917 and in 1918.


Mark II with Canadian infantry at Vimy Ridge
Date
4 August 1914 – 11 November 1918
(4 years, 3 months and 1 week)
Location
Belgium, north-eastern France, Alsace-Lorraine, Luxembourg, western Germany
Result
Allied victory

End of World War I
5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What was life like on the home front for women and minorities
eimsori [14]
Hard because they didn't get to do anything like votinhg
7 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
4. How did Congress respond to Roosevelt's request to declare war on Japan?
Nataly_w [17]

Answer:

the answer is D. a declaration of war against Japan

Explanation:

8 0
2 years ago
Other questions:
  • What caused the age of exploration ?
    6·1 answer
  • How did the Persian Empire manage the lands it conquered?
    7·1 answer
  • Spartan soldiers helped save retreating members of the Greek army
    13·2 answers
  • What type of small animal did tribes in the Great Basin region hunt?
    15·2 answers
  • In act one and two of the tempest, Prospero interacts with Ariel and Caliban differently which statement best describes his inte
    6·1 answer
  • URGENT PLEASE HELP BEST ANSWER GETS BRAINLEST How did the Shang dynasty gain and hold on to power?
    9·1 answer
  • Explain whether President Truman and the United States were justified in using the atomic bomb to force Japan to surrender. Be s
    6·1 answer
  • How did contantinople<br> respond to numerous Invasion attempts before 1453
    8·1 answer
  • Choose the steps in the historical method from the following options.
    6·1 answer
  • How did investment in machines and factories impact the development of capitalism?
    5·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!