Answer:
1. Functions:
a. Umbilical artery >> carries deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta
b. Umbilical vein >> transports oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
c. <em>Ductus venosus</em> >> allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the liver
d. <em>Ductus arterious</em> >> allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus's non-functioning lungs
e.<em> Foramen ovale</em> >> oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to bypass the pulmonary circulation
2. After the bird:
1. Umbilical artery >> medial umbilical ligament
2. Umbilical vein >> round ligament of the liver
3. <em>Ductus venosus</em> >> <em>ligamentum venosum</em>
4. <em>Ductus arteriosus</em> >> <em>ligamentum arteriosum</em>
5. <em>Foramen ovale</em> >> <em>fossa ovalis</em>
Explanation:
The umbilical artery is a paired artery localized in the abdominal and pelvic regions, which carries deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta through the umbilical cord. The medial umbilical ligament is the obliterated part of the umbilical artery that arises from the internal iliac arteries. In utero, the umbilical arteries carry waste products back to the placenta, whereas the umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus. The round ligament of the liver (also known as <em>ligamentum teres hepatis</em>) is a remnant of the umbilical vein that exists in the embryonic stage, it connects the left lobe of the liver to the umbilicus. The<em> ductus venosus</em> is a slender shunt that allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the liver, it connects the intra-hepatic portion of the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava. The <em>ligamentum venosum</em> is an extrahepatic, slender, and fibrous remnant of the fetal ductus venosus that travels between the left portal vein and the inferior vena cava. The <em>ductus arteriosus</em> is a fetal artery that connects the aorta to the pulmonary artery. The <em>ligamentum arteriosum</em> is a nonfunctional vestige of the <em>ductus arteriosus, </em>it is attached to the superior surface of the pulmonary trunk. The <em>foramen ovale</em> is an oval-shaped, small, opening in the wall (<em>septum</em>) between the two upper chambers of the heart. The <em>fossa ovalis</em> is a vestige stricture of the foramen ovale of the embryonic heart, which forms a depression in the right atrium of the heart.
There are four monoclonal antibodies (MAB) which specifically recognize double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) together with their use in new methods for detecting and characterizing dsRNA in unfractionated nucleic acid extracts. The specificity of the antibodies was analyzed using a panel of 27 different synthetic and naturally occurring nucleic acids. All four antibodies reacted in a highly specific manner with long dsRNA helices, irrespective of their sequence; no binding to single-stranded RNA homopolymers or to DNA or RNA-DNA hybrids were observed.
Monoclonal antibodies
A monoclonal antibody (mAb, more rarely called moAb) is an antibody made by cloning a unique white blood cell. All subsequent antibodies derived this way trace back to a unique parent cell.
Monoclonal antibodies can have monovalent affinity, binding only to the same epitope (the part of an antigen that is recognized by the antibody). In contrast, polyclonal antibodies bind to multiple epitopes and are usually made by several different antibody-secreting plasma cell lineages. Bispecific monoclonal antibodies can also be engineered, by increasing the therapeutic targets of one monoclonal antibody to two epitopes.
To learn about the monoclonal antibodies refer here:
brainly.com/question/24321118
#SPJ4
You didn't provide us with any possible ways? Primary reinforcers are, however, types of reinforcers where they immediately elicit a reward or reward-like behavior once they are applied in a situation. An example would be apple juice.
Secondary reinforcers on the other hand need to be associated with something for them to become reinforcers or they provide rewards in a non-direct way. An example would be money.
This is the main relationship between them.
<span>The answer is: Strata</span>
Answer: the bloodtype of Jesse is A Rhesus D positive
Explanation:
Antigens at present on the blood cells while antibodies are present in the serum. Thus, to prevent agglutination which occurs if the red blood cell antigen is similar to the antibody, the red blood cell of Jesse which has the B antigen will have the A antibodies produced. Thus, since the red blood cell determines the bloodtype of a person, Jesse therefore has the B bloodtype.